A3 Methodology in Supply Chain Management
The A3 methodology is a structured problem-solving approach that uses a one-page report on 11 x 17 paper to document the thinking process. It was originally created by the Toyota Motor Corporation and was named for the paper size on which it was printed: A3 (11” x 17”). Toyota used the A3 methodology to help develop its famed Toyota Production System (TPS).
The A3 methodology is based on the plan-do-check-act (PDCA) cycle and is used to:
- Define or clarify problems
- Suggest solutions
- Record the results of improvement activities
- Foster learning, collaboration, and personal growth in employees
The A3 methodology typically includes the following steps:
- Identify a problem or need
- Conduct research to understand the current situation
- Conduct root cause analysis
- Devise countermeasures to address root causes
- Develop a target state
- Create an implementation plan
- Develop a follow-up plan with predicted outcomes
The A3 methodology involves three major roles:
- Owner: Responsible for managing the process and maintaining the document
- Responders: Third parties directly interested in the final results
- Mentor/coach: Provides directions and provokes the problem owner to find the solutio
