ENGINEERING PHYSICS- II
Unit – I
Crystal Structures and X-ray Diffraction:
- Space Lattice
- Basis
- Unit Cell
- Lattice Parameter
- Seven Crystal Systems and Fourteen Bravais Lattices
- Crystal-System Structure
- Packing Factor (cubic, body and face)
- Crystal Structure of NaCl and Diamond
- Lattice Planes and Miller Indices
- Reciprocal Lattice
- Diffraction of X-rays by Crystal
- Laue’s Experiment
- Bragg’s Law
- Bragg’s Spectrometer
- Compton Effect
Unit – II
Dielectric and Magnetic Properties of Materials:
Dielectric Properties:
- Dielectric constant of dielectric materials
- Polarization of dielectric materials
- Types of Polarization (Polarizability)
- Equation of internal fields in liquid and solid ( One- Dimensional)
- Claussius Mussoti- Equation
- Ferro and Piezo electricity (Qualitative)
- Frequency dependence of dielectric constant
- Dielectric Losses
- Important applications of dielectric material
- Ferroelectricity
- Piezoelectricity
Magnetic Properties:
- Magnetization
- Origin of magnetic moment
- Dia, para and ferro magnetism
- Langevin’s theory for dia and paramagnetic material
- Phenomena of hysteresis and its applications
Unit-III
Electromagnetic Theory:
- Current
- Equation of continuity
- Electromagnetics
- Displacement Current
- Maxwell’s Equations (Integral and Differential Forms)
- Equation of continuity
- EM- Wave equation and its propagation characteristics in free space
- Propagation characteristics in conducting media
- Poynting theorem & Poynting vectors
- EM – Wave equation and its propagation characteristics in free space, nonconducting and in conducting media
- Energy density of electromagnetic wave
- Skin depth
Unit – IV:
Band Theory of Solids:
- Free electron Theory
- Formation of bands in Solids
- Classification of solids on band theory
- Density of states
- Fermi-Dirac distribution
- Concept of effective mass
- Charge carrier density (electrons and holes)
- Conductivity of semiconductors
- Carrier concentrations Fermi energy
- Position of Fermi level in intrinsic and in extrinsic semiconductors
- Temperature dependence of conductivity in semiconductors
Unit-V
Physics of some Technologically Important Materials:
Superconductors:
- Superconductor Definition
- Temperature dependence of resistivity in superconducting materials
- Effect of magnetic field (Meissner effect)
- Temperature dependence of critical field
- Type I and Type II superconductors
- BCS theory (Qualitative)
- High temperature Superconductors
- Applications of Superconductors
Nano-Materials:
- Basic principle of Nano Science and technology
- Structure of Nanoparticles
- Properties and uses of Fullerene and Carbon nanotubes
- Applications of nanotechnology
