Definition
Genetic diversity is the total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species, it ranges widely from the number of species to differences within species and can be attributed to the span of survival for a species.
What Constitutes Genetic Diversity In Ecosystem?
Genetic diversity is the product of recombination of genetic material in the process of inheritance. It changes with time and space. Mutation of genes, genetic drift and gene flow are also responsible for genetic diversity.
Importance of Genetic Diversity
- Genetic diversity gives rise to different physical attributes to the individual and capacity to adapt to stress, diseases and unfavorable environmental conditions.
- It is important for a healthy population by maintaining different varieties of genes that might be resistant to pests, diseases or other conditions.
- Due to genetic diversity, the varieties that are susceptible, die and the ones who can adapt to changes will survive.
Examples
- Different breeds of dogs.
- Different varieties of rose flower, wheat, etc.
- There are more than 50,000 varieties of rice and more than a thousand varieties of mangoes found in India.
