What are Imperfections in Solids?
Crystalline impurity present in atoms are called imperfections. Many of the properties of materials are sensitive to the presence of imperfections, and not necessarily in an adverse way.
Types of defects:-
Defects can be classified based on there dimensions
1- Point defects (0-Dimension)
Point defects include vacancies, interstitial atoms, and substitutional impurity atoms in between arranged set of atoms
2- Linear defects (One-dimensional)
Liner defects are called dislocations. An edge dislocation is when a half plane of atoms disrupts the overall crystal structure. A screw dislocation is when a half twist disrupts the overall crystal structure. A mixed dislocation is a dislocation that combines both an edge and screw dislocation together.
3- Grain defects (2- dimensional)
Grain boundaries are regions between different grains within a material. They are classified as an inter facial defect. It tends to decrease the electrical and thermal conductivity of the material.
